Other Less Common Types of Diabetes

As well as type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes, there are also some less common forms of diabetes. One particular type of diabetes known as ‘maturity onset diabetes of the young’ can occur in families and affects young adults.

Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young

‘Maturity onset diabetes of the young’ (known as MODY for short) is an uncommon type of diabetes. Around 1-2% of people with diabetes have MODY. MODY runs in families and affects young adults - often developing before the age of 25 years. The problem is a genetic one and insulin production from the pancreas is impaired. Five different faulty genes have been identified. If you inherit one of these faulty genes from a parent you will develop MODY. If you have MODY then there is a 50% chance that you will pass it on to your offspring.

There are 5 faulty genes which have been identified as causing MODY. The type of MODY inherited will depend on the gene responsible. The different types are known as MODY 1 through to MODY 5.

If your doctor thinks you might have MODY there are special blood tests that can be done to confirm the diagnosis and work out which type you might have. Knowing which type of MODY you have means that you can be given the most appropriate treatment. MODY is treated just like type 2 diabetes with diet and exercise. Sometimes treatment with tablets or insulin is required.Knowing exactly which type you have also helps predict how your diabetes is going to progress. Suitable advice can also be given to the rest of your family regarding their risk of inheriting the disease and the risk of passing it on.

Secondary Diabetes

Diabetes can sometimes happen as a consequence of another disease when it is then known as secondary diabetes. There are quite a number of diseases which can lead to diabetes.

Here is a list of some of them:

  • Pancreatitis
  • Cystic Fibrosis
  • Haemochromatosis
  • Cushing’s syndrome

Drug-Induced Diabetes

Sometimes diabetes can be caused by particular drug treatments and this is then known as drug-induced diabetes. There are quite a number of drugs which can sometimes lead to diabetes.

Here is a list of some of them:

  • Corticosteroids or steroids (used in inflammatory conditions)
  • Immunosuppressive drugs (used following a transplant)
  • Olanzapine (used to treat some forms of mental illness)

You should know what type of diabetes you have. If you are not sure then ask your doctor or nurse. Sometimes, it can be a little difficult to know for sure the exact type of diabetes at the time of your diagnosis but this usually becomes clear with time. Sometimes if there is doubt further tests are required.